Planned layoffs decline, but new orders plunge and hiring weaker than expected
NEW YORK (Reuters) — Signs of weakness in the U.S. economic recovery mounted as reports Wednesday showed a sharp slowdown in the vast services sector and less hiring by private companies in April.
Economists expressed disappointment ahead of a key labour market report Friday that is also expected to show payroll growth eased last month.
Higher gasoline prices and slower economic growth in the first quarter likely weighed on the world's biggest economy and tempered hiring.
Worries about rising fuel and commodity prices showed up in the latest gauge of the vast U.S. services sector, which grew at its slowest pace since August 2010, the Institute for Supply Management said.
The U.S. economy last August was in a soft patch caused by worries about the euro zone's deep debt crisis. The purchasing managers' index fell to 52.8 last month from 57.3 in March.
A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector.
The new orders index in the April survey tumbled to its lowest level since December 2009, a worrying sign for the service sector's outlook, economists said. New orders dropped to 52.7 from 64.1.
``It's a weak indication not only in the headline figure, but also in the worst possible place: the orders component,'' said Pierre Ellis, senior economist at Decision Economics.
``This is a sector that is supposed to be relatively smooth in terms of growth, so if it turns out to be more than transitory, this would be a clear indication of de-stabilization in the economy.''
On Monday, ISM's manufacturing report showed the sector grew a bit more slowly for a second straight month in April.
The two indexes taken together are consistent with growth of about 2 percent in real gross domestic product, Credit Suisse wrote in a note to clients.
The Federal Reserve last week said the U.S. economy was improving only moderately and showed it was in no hurry to reverse its huge stimulus efforts, including near-zero interest rates.
A top Fed official reinforced that message on Wednesday.
Eric Rosengren, president of the Boston Fed, said wage pressures are contained, given high unemployment and higher energy and food costs have not pushed up long-term inflation expectations.
The U.S. dollar fell to a fresh three-year low against major currencies as the data compounded expectations that U.S. interest rates would stay low for a long time.
U.S. stocks fell as the disappointing data overshadowed enthusiasm over fresh corporate merger activity.
Sputtering economy
The data illustrates the domestic challenges still facing the Obama administration even as the killing of Osama bin Laden has boosted opinion polls.
Beyond the United States, data showed euro zone retail sales fell sharply in March as consumers felt the pinch of high prices. Concerns about the global economic recovery have also emerged as investors anticipate further tightening measures from China.
On the labour front, the ADP Employer Services report showed U.S. private payrolls rose by 179,000 jobs last month, less than economists' expectations for a gain of 198,000.
Although job gains sped up in early 2011, improvement in the labor market was no longer so robust, said Macroeconomic Advisers LLC Chairman Joel Prakken.
``Really, there's been no sign here of a further acceleration from this read,'' Prakken told a conference call.
``I'm becoming a little disappointed at not seeing stronger numbers, but of course the reason we're not seeing stronger numbers is the economy has sputtered a little bit.''
Macroeconomic Advisers jointly produces the private labour market report with ADP.
Friday's report is expected to show a rise in overall nonfarm payrolls of 186,000 in April, based on a Reuters poll of analysts, and a gain of 200,000 in private payrolls. Planned layoffs at U.S. firms fell in April to the lowest monthly amount for the year so far and were outpaced by a rise in plans to hire.
Employers announced 36,490 planned job cuts last month, down 12 percent from 41,528 in March, according to a report from consultants Challenger, Gray & Christmas, Inc.
Other data showed applications for U.S. home mortgages rose last week, helped by refinancing demand as interest rates fell for the third consecutive week.
